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1919 Eclipse
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Negative photo of the 1919 solar eclipse Relativity and the 1919 eclipse Probably the most important eclipse in the history of science occurred on 29 May 1919. Just six months after the end of World War I, British astronomers used it to test a new idea that came from Germany in 1915. The proposition...
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Newton Math problem
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Indian boy solves 350-year Newton math puzzle A 16-year-old Indian origin schoolboy in Germany has managed to crack puzzles that baffled the world of maths for more than 350 years, it was reported here Saturday. Shouryya Ray, from Dresden, has been hailed a genius after working out the problems se...
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Differential Sail
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Egyptian invents a spacecraft propulsion device A 19-year-old Egyptian university student called Aisha Mustafa has invented a propulsion device intended to offer spacecrafts a new method and cheaper means of energy consumption. The propulsion device promises chances of using quantum physi...
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Chandrasekhar limit
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Title: Anderson and Stoner Published White Dwarf Mass Limits Before Chandrasekhar Authors: Eric G. Blackman (Univ. of Rochester) In their engaging recountals of Chandrasekhar's extraordinary career (Physics Today, vol 63, Issue 12, Dec 2010), neither Dyson nor Wali mention that Chandrasekh...
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Kepler third law of planetary motion
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Johannes Kepler third law of planetary motion "The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit." The third law, published by Kepler in 1619 captures the relationship between the distance of planets from the Sun, and th...
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String Cosmology
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String Cosmology: Modern String Theory Concepts from the Big Bang to Cosmic Structure This relatively new field applies equations from string theory to solve the questions of early cosmology, since the standard picture of our universe emerging from a 'big bang' leaves many fundamental issues un...
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Electrons
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University of Chicago chemist David Mazziotti has developed a new method for determining the behaviour of electrons in atoms and molecules, a key ingredient in predicting chemical properties and reactions. He presented the details of his method in the Oct. 6 issue of the journal Physical Review L...
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Goldbach's weak conjecture
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Mathematicians come closer to solving Goldbach's weak conjecture Mathematician Terence Tao of the University of California, Los Angeles, has now inched toward a proof. He has shown that one can write odd numbers as sums of, at most, five primes - and he is hopeful about getting that down to three. B...
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Oslo-experiment
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Oslo-experiment may explain massive star explosions New insight into the behaviour of atomic nuclei may explain how gigantic star explosions, or supernovas, have formed the elements that are crucial to mankind. Today astrophysicists are struggling to perform computer simulations of a super...
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Gamma Rays
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Title: The Refractive Index of Silicon at Gamma Ray Energies Authors: D. Habs, M.M Günther, M. Jentschel, W. Urban The index of refraction n(E_gamma)=1+delta(E_gamma)+ibeta(E_gamma) is split into a real part delta and an absorptive part beta. The absorptive part has the three well-known contr...
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Chirality
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A simple and reliable method for converting one of the simplest chemical entities into one of the most difficult-to-make molecular building blocks of life, with complete control over its shape, is reported by scientists at the University of Bristol in this weeks Nature. It will have major implica...
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Liu limit
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Title: A unifying picture of helical and azimuthal MRI, and the universal significance of the Liu limit Authors: Oleg N. Kirillov, Frank Stefani, Yasuhide Fukumoto The magnetorotational instability (MRI) plays a key role for cosmic structure formation by triggering turbulence in the rotating...
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Schumann resonance
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Lightning-made Waves in Earth's Atmosphere Leak Into Space At any given moment about 2,000 thunderstorms roll over Earth, producing some 50 flashes of lightning every second. Each lightning burst creates electromagnetic waves that begin to circle around Earth captured between Earth's surfac...
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Liquid crystals
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AT SMALLEST SCALE, LIQUID CRYSTAL BEHAVIOUR PORTENDS NEW MATERIALS Liquid crystals, the state of matter that makes possible the flat screen technology now commonly used in televisions and computers, may have some new technological tricks in store. Writing today (May 3, 2012) in the journal Nat...
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Beauty Xi(b) baryon
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Title: Observation of an excited Xi(b) baryon Authors: CMS Collaboration The observation of an excited b baryon via its strong decay into Xi(b)^- pi^+ (plus charge conjugates) is reported. The measurement uses a data sample of pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the L...
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