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TOPIC: Quasi-Hilda Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu
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Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu
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Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu makes its closest approach to the Earth (2.759 AU) on the 6th September 2014



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RE: Quasi-Hilda Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu
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Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu is at Opposition (2.767 AU) on the 30th August 2014 

Ephemeris

Date    TT    R. A. (2000) Decl.     Delta      r     Elong.  Phase   Mag
2014 08 29    22 35 32.1 -11 57 20   2.7690  3.7781   177.1     0.8  22.0
2014 08 30    22 34 52.3 -12 01 28   2.7668  3.7756   177.1     0.8  22.0
2014 08 31    22 34 12.5 -12 05 36   2.7648  3.7731   176.7     0.9  22.0
2014 09 01    22 33 32.6 -12 09 41   2.7632  3.7707   176.0     1.1  22.0
2014 09 02    22 32 52.7 -12 13 46   2.7618  3.7682   175.1     1.3  22.0
2014 09 03    22 32 12.8 -12 17 48   2.7607  3.7657   174.2     1.6  22.0
2014 09 04    22 31 32.9 -12 21 49   2.7600  3.7633   173.1     1.8  22.0
2014 09 05    22 30 53.2 -12 25 47   2.7595  3.7608   172.1     2.1  22.0
2014 09 06    22 30 13.5 -12 29 44   2.7593  3.7583   171.0     2.4  22.0
2014 09 07    22 29 34.1 -12 33 37   2.7594  3.7558   169.9     2.7  22.0
2014 09 08    22 28 54.8 -12 37 28   2.7598  3.7534   168.8     3.0  21.9
2014 09 09    22 28 15.7 -12 41 16   2.7605  3.7509   167.7     3.3  21.9
2014 09 10    22 27 36.9 -12 45 01   2.7615  3.7484   166.6     3.6  21.9
2014 09 11    22 26 58.4 -12 48 43   2.7627  3.7459   165.5     3.9  21.9
2014 09 12    22 26 20.3 -12 52 22   2.7643  3.7434   164.4     4.2  21.9
2014 09 13    22 25 42.4 -12 55 56   2.7661  3.7410   163.3     4.4  21.9
2014 09 14    22 25 05.0 -12 59 27   2.7682  3.7385   162.1     4.7  21.9
2014 09 15    22 24 28.0 -13 02 55   2.7706  3.7360   161.0     5.0  21.9
2014 09 16    22 23 51.4 -13 06 17   2.7732  3.7335   159.9     5.3  21.9
2014 09 17    22 23 15.3 -13 09 36   2.7762  3.7310   158.8     5.6  21.9
2014 09 18    22 22 39.8 -13 12 50   2.7794  3.7285   157.7     5.9  21.9
2014 09 19    22 22 04.8 -13 16 00   2.7829  3.7260   156.5     6.2  21.9
2014 09 20    22 21 30.4 -13 19 05   2.7866  3.7235   155.4     6.4  21.9
2014 09 21    22 20 56.5 -13 22 05   2.7906  3.7210   154.3     6.7  21.9
2014 09 22    22 20 23.4 -13 25 00   2.7949  3.7185   153.2     7.0  21.9
2014 09 23    22 19 50.9 -13 27 50   2.7994  3.7161   152.1     7.3  21.9
2014 09 24    22 19 19.1 -13 30 34   2.8042  3.7136   151.0     7.5  21.9
2014 09 25    22 18 48.1 -13 33 14   2.8092  3.7111   149.9     7.8  21.9
2014 09 26    22 18 17.8 -13 35 47   2.8145  3.7086   148.8     8.1  21.9
2014 09 27    22 17 48.3 -13 38 15   2.8201  3.7061   147.7     8.3  21.9
2014 09 28    22 17 19.6 -13 40 38   2.8258  3.7036   146.6     8.6  21.9
2014 09 29    22 16 51.8 -13 42 54   2.8319  3.7010   145.5     8.8  21.9
2014 09 30    22 16 24.8 -13 45 05   2.8381  3.6985   144.4     9.1  21.9


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Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu is at Opposition (3.570 AU) on the 15th July, 2013.

Ephemeris

Date    TT       R. A. (2000) Decl.       Delta      r           Elong.  Phase   Mag
2013 07 14    19 41 06.1 -22 25 14   3.5720  4.5880   178.0     0.4
2013 07 15    19 40 25.7 -22 27 07   3.5704  4.5867   178.8     0.3
2013 07 16    19 39 45.2 -22 28 59   3.5691  4.5853   178.9     0.3
2013 07 17    19 39 04.7 -22 30 50   3.5681  4.5840   178.1     0.4
2013 07 18    19 38 24.2 -22 32 41   3.5673  4.5826   177.1     0.6
2013 07 19    19 37 43.7 -22 34 30   3.5669  4.5812   176.0     0.9
2013 07 20    19 37 03.3 -22 36 18   3.5668  4.5798   174.9     1.1


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JUPITER CAPTURED COMET FOR 12 YEARS IN MID-20TH CENTURY
Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu was captured as a temporary moon of Jupiter in the mid-20th century and remained trapped in an irregular orbit for about twelve years.
There are only a handful of known comets where this phenomenon of temporary satellite capture has occurred and the capture duration in the case of Kushida-Muramatsu, which orbited Jupiter between 1949 and 1961, is the third longest.  The discovery will be presented at the European Planetary Science Congress in Potsdam by Dr David Asher on Monday 14 September.

Source EPSC Release

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La comète 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu est restée en orbite autour de Jupiter de 1949 à 1961, selon une équipe internationale dirigée par Katsuhito Ohtsuka (Tokyo Meteor Network) qui a modélisé les trajectoires de dix-huit comètes susceptibles de se retrouver temporairement satellisées autour de la planète la plus massive du système solaire.
Read more (French)

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Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu
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Jupiter had brief encounter with icy companion
The planet Jupiter seems to be as promiscuous as its Olympian namesake. New calculations reveal that in the middle of the last century it had a fling with a wayward comet, which for 12 years joined the gas giant's harem of moons. The finding helps to explain how comets move from the outer solar system into inner, sometimes Earth-threatening orbits.

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RE: Quasi-Hilda Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu
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Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu was captured as a temporary moon of Jupiter in the mid-20th century and remained trapped in an irregular orbit for about twelve years.
There are only a handful of known comets where this phenomenon of temporary satellite capture has occurred and the capture duration in the case of Kushida-Muramatsu, which orbited Jupiter between 1949 and 1961, is the third longest.  The discovery will be presented at the European Planetary Science Congress in Potsdam by Dr David Asher on Monday September 14.
An international team led by Dr Katsuhito Ohtsuka modelled the trajectories of 18 "quasi-Hilda comets", objects with the potential to go through a temporary satellite capture by Jupiter that results in them either leaving or joining the "Hilda" group of objects in the asteroid belt. Most of the cases of temporary capture were flybys, where the comets did not complete a full orbit. However, Dr Ohtsuka's team used recent observations tracking Kushida-Muramatsu over nine years to calculate hundreds of possible orbital paths for the comet over the previous century.  In all scenarios, Kushida-Muramatsu completed two full revolutions of Jupiter, making it only the fifth captured orbiter to be identified.

"Our results demonstrate some of the routes taken by cometary bodies through interplanetary space that can allow them either to enter or to escape situations where they are in orbit around the planet Jupiter" - Dr David Asher.

Asteroids and comets can sometimes be distorted or fragmented by tidal effects induced by the gravitational field of a capturing planet, or may even impact with the planet.  The most famous victim of both these effects was comet D/1993 F2 (Shoemaker-Levy 9), which was torn apart on passing close to Jupiter and whose fragments then collided with that planet in 1994.  Previous computational studies have shown that Shoemaker-Levy 9 may well have been a quasi-Hilda comet before its capture by Jupiter.

"Fortunately for us Jupiter, as the most massive planet with the greatest gravity, sucks objects towards it more readily than other planets and we expect to observe large impacts there more often than on Earth.  Comet Kushida-Muramatsu has escaped from the giant planet and will avoid the fate of Shoemaker-Levy 9 for the foreseeable future" - Dr David Asher.

The object that impacted with Jupiter this July, causing the new dark spot discovered by Australian amateur astronomer Anthony Wesley, may also have been a member of this class, even if it did not suffer tidal disruption like Shoemaker-Levy.

"Our work has become very topical again with the discovery this July of an expanding debris plume, created by the dust from the colliding object, which is the evident signature of an impact. The results of our study suggest that impacts on Jupiter and temporary satellite capture events may happen more frequently than we previously expected" - Dr David Asher.

The team has also confirmed a future moon of Jupiter.  Comet 111P/Helin-Roman-Crockett, which has already orbited Jupiter three times between 1967 and 1985, is due to complete six laps of the giant planet between 2068 and 2086.

Source

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Title: Quasi-Hilda Comet 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu: Another long temporary satellite capture by Jupiter
Authors: Katsuhito Ohtsuka, Takashi Ito, Makoto Yoshikawa, David J. Asher, Hideyoshi Arakida

The quasi-Hilda comets (QHCs), being in unstable 3:2 Jovian mean motion resonance, are considered a major cause of temporary satellite capture (TSC) by Jupiter. Though the QHCs may be escaped Hilda asteroids, their origin and nature have not yet been studied in sufficient detail. Of particular interest are long TSCs/orbiters. Orbiters -- in which at least one full revolution about the planet is completed -- are rare astronomical events; only four have been known to occur in the last several decades. Every case has been associated with a QHC: 82P/Gehrels 3; 111P/Helin-Roman-Crockett; P/1996 R2 (Lagerkvist); and the possibly QHC-derived D/1993 F2 (Shoemaker-Levy 9, SL9). We focus on long TSC/orbiter events involving QHCs and Jupiter. Thus we survey the known QHCs, searching for further long TSCs/orbiters over the past century. First, we confirmed the long TSC/orbiter events of 82P, 111P, and 1996 R2 in order to test our method against previous work, applying a general N-body Newtonian code. We then used the same procedure to survey the remaining known QHCs and search for long TSC/orbiter events. We newly identified another long TSC/orbiter: 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu from 1949 May 14 (+97days/-106 days)--1961 July 15. Our result is verified by integrations of 243 cloned orbits which take account of the present orbital uncertainty of this comet. This is the third long TSC and the fifth orbiter to be found, thus long TSC/orbiter events involving Jupiter have occurred once per decade. Two full revolutions about Jupiter were completed and the capture duration was 12.17 (+0.29/-0.27) years; both these numbers rank 147P as third among long TSC/orbiter events, behind SL9 and 111P. This study also confirms the importance of the QHC region as a dynamical route into and out of Jovian TSC, via the Hill's sphere.

Read more (1847kb, PDF)

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