Total Eclipse of the Moon 1740 January 13-14http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/eclipse/1111740/L1740Jan13.pdfAnnular Eclipse of the Sun: 1507 January 13http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/eclipse/0131507/
The Nasr al-Dn al-Ts Shamakhi Astrophysical Observatory was officially opened on January 13, 1960https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamakhi_Astrophysical_Observatory
The 1915 Avezzano earthquake occurred on January 13 in southern Italyhttp://astronomy.activeboard.com/t47267907/1915-avezzano-earthquake/The 2001 El Salvador earthquakes were two earthquakes which struck on January 13 and February 13, 2001.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_El_Salvador_earthquakes#The_January_13_earthquakeThe Vegas Valley Leopard frog (Rana fisheri) is a species of frog previously declared extinct. http://astronomy.activeboard.com/t47267911/rana-fisheri/
The launch of Discoverer 37 occurred at 21:41 UTC on 13 January 1962.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discoverer_37Fengyun 2-07 was launched on 13 January 2012http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fengyun_2-07STS-54 Shuttle mission was launched on January 13, 1993.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-54
Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma (born 13 January 1949) flew aboard Soyuz T-11 as part of the Intercosmos program.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakesh_SharmaWilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien (13 January 1864 - 30 August 1928) was a German physicisthttp://astronomy.activeboard.com/t47267918/wilhelm-wien-1864-1928/
Francis Manning Marlborough Pryor, MBE, FSA (born 13 January 1945) is an English archaeologist specialising in the study of the Bronze and Iron Ages in Britain. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Pryor
Roger Llewelyn Davies (born 13 January 1954) is a British astronomer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Davies_(astrophysicist)John Pringle Nichol (13 January 1804 - 19 September 1859) was a Scottish educatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pringle_NicholFrançois Félix Tisserand (January 13, 1845 - October 20, 1896) was a French astronomer.http://astronomy.activeboard.com/t47267915/franois-flix-tisserand-1845-1896/Waltraut Seitter (January 13, 1930 - November 15, 2007) was a German astronomerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waltraut_SeitterPaolo Farinella (13 January 1953 - 25 March 2000) was an Italian scientisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo_Farinella
Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles is an American science fiction television serieshttp://astronomy.activeboard.com/t47267982/terminator-the-sarah-connor-chronicles/January 13, 1910: The first public radio broadcast from a Metropolitan Opera House.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_of_public_radio_broadcasting#Date
NGC 2218 was discovered by Irish astronomer Edward Joshua Cooper on the 13th January 1853.http://astronomy.activeboard.com/t56242095/ngc-2218/NGC 2308 was discovered by Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan on the 13th January 1872.http://astronomy.activeboard.com/t56242103/ngc-2308/
IC 2408 was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on the 13th January 1901.http://astronomy.activeboard.com/t56242119/ic-2408/
Galileo Galilei discovered Ganymede on January 13, 1610. http://astronomy.activeboard.com/t11559547/ganymede/Belinda, an inner satellite of Uranus, was discovered by Voyager 2 on 13 January 1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belinda_(moon)Desdemona, an inner satellite of Uranus, was discovered by Voyager 2 on 13 January 1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desdemona_(moon)Near-Earth asteroid 2004 AS1 was discovered on January 13, 2004http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_AS1Asteroid 171 Ophelia was discovered by French astronomer Alphonse Borrelly on January 13, 1877http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/171_OpheliaAsteroid (141) Lumen was discovered on January 13, 1875http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/141_Lumen
On January 13, 2010 at 12:46 UT, near-Earth asteroid 2010 AL30 passed Earth at about 122,000 km.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_AL30
The EETA 79001 meteorite was found in the Antarctic on the January 13, 1980http://astronomy.activeboard.com/t61481578/elephant-moraine-79001-meteorite/
MeteoritesNo historical meteorite falls today, AFAIK