Scientists have tracked the "family history" of a rock back to some of the earliest times on Earth. Researchers analysed the concentration and distribution of particular types of atoms in the granite to show it must have been recycled from something that existed 4.2 billion years ago. This "parent rock" was very probably basalt of the sort produced on the ocean floor, they say. Read more
Newcastle borehole suggests area 'was like Bahamas'
Engineers who have been drilling a hole deep below Newcastle in search of a renewable energy source, have discovered some surprising fossil evidence. A block of limestone removed from the hole has revealed coral and other fossils which suggest that the Newcastle area was once a tropical marine environment, similar to the Bahamas. Read more
Canadian rocks are different Sedimentary differences on either side of border date back 120 million years
New research published in April's edition of Geology shows that rock formations roughly along the same political boundary as the two North American countries formed as early as 120 million years ago. Dr. Andrew Leier, of the Department of Geoscience at the University of Calgary, set out to prove what he thought was the obvious: because the mountains are continuous between the U.S. and Canada, the ancient river systems that flowed from these uplands were likely interconnected. In other words, during Cretaceous Period,120 million years ago, rivers should have flowed north and south between the countries, paying no mind to the modern day political border. Read more
New tool allows unprecedented accuracy in dating of some seafloor rocks, with potential to help climate analysis.
In order to date environmental events from Earth's history - such as meteorite impacts or climate change - geologists have long studied variations in slow-growing seafloor sedimentary rocks called ferromanganese crusts that build up in layers over the eons. The layers can be dated by various means, such as by analysing radioactive isotopes, but those methods don't provide accurate dating on small scales: a millimetre of rock, for example, can include information that spans as much as hundreds of thousands of years. Now, a new technique pioneered by researchers at MIT and in Japan provides a reliable way to date these "archives" of environmental changes with much finer precision. Read more
Bellingham geologist creates Web sites about rocks in region
Walk in Arroyo Park with Bellingham resident Dave Tucker and you get more than pleasant conversation in a pretty, wooded setting. You'll get to hear the geologist talk about time stretching back millions, maybe hundreds of millions, of years. You'll learn about hot, flowing rock that eventually cooled and pushed through the Earth's crust. You'll ponder over that same rock, which fell on a glacier and was transported from somewhere up in the Coast Mountains of British Columbia and dumped in Arroyo Park by the river of ice. Read more
Nunavut a haven for geology The 10 prospecting courses that took place across Nunavut this year not only created possible future prospectors, it also provided a look into some interesting local geography, according to instructor Mike Beauregard. Nunavut's frozen landscape in the winter provides an excellent viewing ground for locating meteorites.
Darwin's geological mystery solved In June 1833, Charles Darwin asked the captain of the HMS Beagle to delay his departure from Tierra del Fuego so that he could study a strange group of granite boulders he had found on the coast at Bahía San Sebastián.
According to a new study by geologists at the University of Toronto and the University of Maryland, the wealth of some minerals that lie in the rock beneath the Earth's surface may be extraterrestrial in origin.
"The extreme temperature at which the Earth's core formed more than four billion years ago would have completely stripped any precious metals from the rocky crust and deposited them in the core. So, the next question is why are there detectable, even mineable, concentrations of precious metals such as platinum and rhodium in the rock portion of the Earth today? Our results indicate that they could not have ended up there by any known internal process, and instead must have been added back, likely by a 'rain' of extraterrestrial debris, such as comets and meteorites" - James Brenan of the Department of Geology at the University of Toronto and co-author of the study published in Nature Geoscience on October 18.