Deep Impact Spacecraft to Make Last Swing by Earth on Way to 2nd Comet
On Sunday, NASA's historic Deep Impact spacecraft will fly past Earth for the fifth and last time on its current University of Maryland-led EPOXI mission. At time of closest approach to Earth, the spacecraft will be about 30,400 kilometres above the South Atlantic. Mission navigators have tailored this trajectory to change the shape of the spacecraft's orbit and to boost it on its way to the mission's ultimate flyby, a close encounter with comet Hartley 2 in November. Read more
NASA's Deep Impact/Epoxi spacecraft has successfully performed a trajectory correction manoeuvre to refine its orbit prior to an upcoming Earth flyby June 27. The manoeuvre, along with the Earth flyby, will place the spacecraft on a trajectory to fly past comet Hartley 2 on Nov. 4. The manoeuvre began at 2 p.m. EST (11 a.m. PST) today, when the spacecraft fired its engines for 11.3 seconds. While the burn changed the spacecraft's velocity by only 0.1 meters per second (less than a quarter mile per hour), that was all the mission's navigators requested to set the stage for an Earth gravity assist on June 27. Read more
A robotic probe sailing out in space to look for planets beyond the solar system has its first target in sight - Earth. The idea behind observing the home planet is to give scientists an understanding of how an alien Earth may look in the data collected by future telescopes, chemical-analysing spectrographs and other instruments.
"It's basically an extra tool to have in our tool belt as we go looking for exoplanets" - Nicolas Cowan, with the University of Washington.
To find out what water might look like on alien worlds, a group of researchers decided to see how Earth's oceans would appear from afar, as if from another planet. Using the Deep Impact/EPOXI spacecraft, currently headed for a rendezvous next year with comet Hartley 2, they peered back at Earth from more than 50 million kilometres away, tracking the way reflected light changes as oceans rotate in and out of view. From that distance, Earth's surface features were blurred, but the presence of water passing through the spacecraft's view increased the planet's blueness. Landmasses, on the other hand, lent a reddish hue. The team of researchers was able to assemble from those colour variations a rough map of the liquid and land boundaries on Earth, presented in a paper set to be published in the Astrophysical Journal.
The NASA/JPL Epoxi spacecraft fired its engines today to prepare for a Dec. 29 Earth flyby. The Epoxi mission is scheduled to fly past comet Hartley 2 in 2010.
Title: The NASA EPOXI mission of opportunity to gather ultraprecise photometry of known transiting exoplanets Authors: Jessie L. Christiansen, David Charbonneau, Michael F. A'Hearn, Drake Deming, Matthew J. Holman, Sarah Ballard, David T. F. Weldrake, Richard K. Barry, Marc J. Kuchner, Timothy A. Livengood, Jeffrey Pedelty, Alfred Schultz, Tilak Hewagama, Jessica M. Sunshine, Dennis D. Wellnitz, Don L. Hampton, Carey M. Lisse, Sara Seager, Joseph F. Veverka
The NASA Discovery mission EPOXI, utilizing the Deep Impact flyby spacecraft, comprises two phases: EPOCh (Extrasolar Planet Observation and Characterisation) and DIXI (Deep Impact eXtended Investigation). With EPOCh, we use the 30-cm high resolution visible imager to obtain ultraprecise photometric light curves of known transiting planet systems. We will analyse these data for evidence of additional planets, via transit timing variations or transits; for planetary moons or rings; for detection of secondary eclipses and the constraint of geometric planetary albedos; and for refinement of the system parameters. Over a period of four months, EPOCh observed four known transiting planet systems, with each system observed continuously for several weeks. Here we present an overview of EPOCh, including the spacecraft and science goals, and preliminary photometry results.
NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft is aiming its largest telescope at five stars in a search for alien (exosolar) planets as it enters its extended mission, called Epoxi. Deep Impact made history when the mission team directed an impactor from the spacecraft into comet Tempel 1 on July 4, 2005. NASA recently extended the mission, redirecting the spacecraft for a flyby of comet Hartley 2 on Oct. 11, 2010. As it cruises toward the comet, Deep Impact will observe five nearby stars with "transiting exosolar planets," so named because the planet transits, or passes in front of, its star. The Epoxi team, led by University of Maryland astronomer Michael A'Hearn, directed the spacecraft to begin these observations Jan. 22. The planets were discovered earlier and are giant planets with massive atmospheres, like Jupiter in our solar system. They orbit their stars much closer than Earth does the sun, so they are hot and belong to the class of exosolar planets nicknamed "Hot Jupiters."