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 Climate Change Led to Collapse of Ancient Indus Civilisation, Study Finds

A new study combining the latest archaeological evidence with state-of-the-art geoscience technologies provides evidence that climate change was a key ingredient in the collapse of the great Indus or Harappan Civilisation almost 4000 years ago. The study also resolves a long-standing debate over the source and fate of the Sarasvati, the sacred river of Hindu mythology.
Once extending more than 1 million square kilometres across the plains of the Indus River from the Arabian Sea to the Ganges, over what is now Pakistan, northwest India and eastern Afghanistan, the Indus civilisation was the largest - but least known - of the first great urban cultures that also included Egypt and Mesopotamia. Like their contemporaries, the Harappans, named for one of their largest cities, lived next to rivers owing their livelihoods to the fertility of annually watered lands.
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  Harappan relics found in Haryana village

Relics believed to be associated with the ancient Harappan civilisation have been dug out from a village in Haryana by archaeological experts from Cambridge and the Banaras Hindu University (BHU).
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Blobrana


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Dholavira
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Dholavira was the lake city of the great Indus Valley civilisation

The Indus Valley civilisation existed in India 5,000 years ago. This great urban civilisation, contemporaneous with those of Egypt and Mesopotamia, covered an expanse that stretched from Baluchistan in the west to the Upper Ganga-Yamuna Doab in the east. Harrapa, Mohen-jo-Daro, Channu Daro, Rakhigarhi, Lothal and Dholavira are among the famous towns of the Indus Valley civilisation that were excavated by archaeologists.
Dholavira, located near Khadir Bet in the Great Rann of Kachchh of Gujarat, is an incredible example of the Indus Valley civilisation's towns.
The area of the civilisation was larger than that of today's Western Europe. Dholavira perched at one end of it on a small island, possibly surrounded then by the sea.
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Blobrana


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Indus Valley civilisation
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Indus Valley east theory challenged

A study of hundreds of ancient Indus Valley civilisation sites has revealed previously unsuspected patterns of growth and decline that challenge a long-standing idea of a solely eastward-moving wave of Indus urbanisation.
Researchers at the Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMS), Chennai, combined data from archaeology, radiocarbon dating, and river flows to study how settlements around the Indus Valley region had evolved from around 7000 BC till 1000 BC.
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Blobrana


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Strong connection between Khirsara and other Harappan sites

A Team of excavators from the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has found a strong connection between the present excavation site at Khirsara and other Harappan sites in the state. For the last two months, the team has been excavating at the site near Bhuj.
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Designers of the 17th century Taj Mahal, the finest piece of Mughal architecture, employed the same unit of measurement used by the Harappan civilisation as far back 2000 BC, according to a study by an IIT-Kanpur professor. These units were used by builders in India till the British imposed their own units in the 18th century.
The study by R. Balasubramaniam of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, and reported in the latest issue of Current Science, has for the first time shown that the unit of length called 'angulam' - mentioned in Kautilya's treatise on statecraft "Arthasastra" dated 300 BC -- was used without a break in India for over 3,900 years.

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