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Blobrana


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Biblical flood
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A deluge that swept the Land of Israel more than 7,000 years ago, submerging six Neolithic villages opposite the Carmel Mountains, is the origin of the biblical flood of Noah, a British marine archaeologist said Tuesday.
The new theory about the source of the great flood detailed in the Book of Genesis comes amid continuing controversy among scholars over whether the inundation of the Black Sea more than seven millennia ago was the biblical flood.

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Blobrana


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RE: Bosphorus
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The Black Sea has only a tenuous connection to the rest of the world's seawater. The Bosporus are not only very narrow, but very shallow: at one point in the channel, the water is only 30m deep. At the height of the last ice age 18-20,000 years ago, more water was stored in much larger polar ice caps and global sea-level was about 130 metres lower than at present; this is more than enough to have left the Bosporus high and dry, and the Black Sea completely cut off from the Mediterranean. Past studies of sediments dating from this time confirm that the Black Sea basin was indeed a freshwater lake, filled to about 150 metres below present day sea-level; they also indicate that there was an abrupt switch to marine conditions between 6000 and 7500 BC, when sealevel rose enough to send a torrent of marine water rushing into the Black Sea, flooding tens of thousands of square kilometres of what was, up to that point, dry land.

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Blobrana


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An ancient flood some say could be the origin of the story of Noah's Ark may have helped the spread of agriculture in Europe 8300 years ago by scattering the continent's earliest farmers, researchers claim.
Using radiocarbon dating and archaeological evidence, a British team showed the collapse of the North American ice sheet, which raised global sea levels by as much as 1.4m, displaced tens of thousands of people in southeastern Europe who carried farming skills to their new homes.
The researchers said in the journal Quaternary Science Reviews their study provides direct evidence linking the flood that breached a ridge keeping the Mediterranean apart from the Black Sea to the rise of farming in Europe.

The flooding of the Black Sea was not well dated but we got it down to about 50 years - Chris Turney, a geologist at the University of Exeter, who led the study.

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Blobrana


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The great flood
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Did the great flood of Noahs generation really occur thousands of years ago" Was the Roman city of Caesarea destroyed by an ancient tsunami" Will pollution levels in our deep seas remain forever a mystery"
These are just a few of the questions that are being addressed by a new environmental marine research team from Tel Aviv University and the non-profit research and education organization, EcoOcean.
The team, headed by EcoOcean's Andreas Weil and Prof. Sven Beer of Tel Aviv University, are working to uncover new secrets about civilization and climate change from the depths of the sea floor. They are also a conducting a large-scale study on the health of the Mediterranean Sea with Ph.D. students they sponsor. The work is being done aboard "Mediterranean Explorer", a floating marine vessel.

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Prof. Beer was part of the team on board "Mediterranean Explorer" that recently headed to the Black Sea off the coast of Turkey, the site where historians believe the great biblical flood occurred. EcoOcean and an international team believe they have found evidence to substantiate what is written in the Bible.

We found that indeed a flood happened around that time. From core samples, we see that a flood broke through the natural barrier separating the Mediterranean Sea and the freshwater Black Sea, bringing with it seashells that only grow in a marine environment. There was no doubt that it was a fast flood one that covered an expanse four times the size of Israel. It might not have been Noah, as it is written in the Bible, but we believe people in that region had to build boats in order to save their animals from drowning. We think that the ones who survived were fishermen they already had the boats  -  Andreas Weil, Swedish environmental philanthropist.

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Blobrana


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Okeanos Explorer
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Undersea explorer Robert Ballard leans back and smiles at the screens arrayed above his desk. One displays a view of a remote operating vessel, another scans along a seafloor never before viewed by humans.
It is the Black Sea, not far from Ukraine, a region long closed to outsiders and now yielding a treasure trove of Byzantine vessels that met their ends 1,000 or more years ago.
For Ballard the archaeologist, those vessels and their contents are a delight.

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Blobrana


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Black Sea
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An international expedition currently underway in the Black Sea will reveal the mysteries of the inland water body's geology and maritime history, including ages old shipwrecks.
Scientists from the University of Delaware in the US will operate a novel underwater robot, the DOERRI, (Delaware Oceanographic and Environmental Research Remote Instrument) from onboard the Ukrainian research vessel 'Flamingo,' as part of the project.

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Blobrana


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Bosphorus
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The icecaps had been melting since about 13,000 BC, steadily raising sea levels worldwide and the middle-east was just emerging from a long climatic drought, 6200-5700 BC .

The most spectacular event of the 6th millennium BC was the catastrophic flooding of the (freshwater) Black Sea from the (saltwater) Mediterranean, around 5550 BC.
When the natural dam of the Bosporus burst the resulting waterfall would have dwarfed the Victoria falls.
Within two years, 20,000 square miles of prime Ukrainian freshwater lakefront had permanently disappeared under suddenly undrinkable saltwater up to 510 feet deep.
As the salinity gradually rose, all the freshwater species would have died off.



The waters rose slowly enough that few were drowned, but perhaps 10,000 people were made homeless. All pre-flood coastal settlements on the Black Sea would have been inundated

Many regions, throughout the surrounding area, show many new cultural artefacts accompanying agriculture in the mid 6th millennium, so it may represent a new population moving in, rather than the old population adopting new ideas. A new style of painted pottery spread across northern Syria, called Halaf. (c5000 BC.)

The 5550 flood correlates approximately in southern Greece with an ill-distinguished Middle-Neolithic/Late-Neolithic boundary.

The oldest known language in the middle-east was Sumerian and it was this language that first recounted the flood-legends.


The city of Istanbul, located astride the eastern edge of Europe and western edge of the Asian continent, shown in an Envisat radar multi-temporal composite image.


Expand
The view was acquired in ASAR Image Mode Precision, with pixel sampling of 12.5 metres.

What is today Europe's third largest urban centre has been a major city for the last two thousand years. It has known three different names in that time: Byzantium when it was the gateway to Greek settlements on the Black Sea, Constantinople when it became the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, then Istanbul when it fell to Muslim invaders in 1453.

In 1919 Istanbul lost its position as capital of Turkey, but remains that country's leading economic centre. Its population has grown from 2.84 million in 1970 to around ten million today, with settlers flocking from rural areas of Anatolia. Around 30% of all the cars owned in Turkey are in Istanbul.

Urban areas show up as white in this image – the brightest areas being the most densely built-up. Among the densest is the old town, located on the west side of the city on the Eminönu Peninsula, below the river estuary known as the Golden Horn. Further west along the coast are the runways of Ataturk International Airport.
Istanbul owes its prosperity to its status as a link between the Balkans, the Middle East and Central Asia, and to the high level of shipping that travels through the narrow Bosporus (Bosphorus) channel dividing Europe and Asia.

Some 48 000 ships pass through the Bosporus annually, three times denser than the Suez Canal traffic and four times as dense as the Panama Canal. Around 55 million tonnes of oil are shipped through here each year.
Look closely along the Bosporus and bright points from individual ships can be seen. Also visible are the two bridges connecting the two continents, crossed by at least 45 000 vehicles daily.



Note the chain of islands known as the Princes' Islands (Kizil Islands) off the east side of Istanbul. The city faces onto the inland Sea of Marmara (Marmara Denizi), which has an area of around 11 350 square kilometres.
The Bosporus links the Sea to the Black Sea. Note also Lake Iznik (Iznik Golu) towards the south-east corner of the image.

Because radar images measure surface texture rather than reflected light, there is no colour in a standard radar image.
Instead the colour in this image is due to it being a multitemporal composite, made up of three Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) images acquired on different dates, with separate colours assigned to each acquisition to highlight differences between them: Red for 31 July 2003, Green for 17 April 2003 and blue for 26 February 2004.

source

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