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Post Info TOPIC: Comet 209P/LINEAR (2004 CB)
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RE: Comet 209P/LINEAR (2004 CB)
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Title: When Comets Get Old: A Synthesis of Comet and Meteor Observations of the Low Activity Comet 209P/LINEAR
Author: Quan-Zhi Ye, Man-To Hui, Peter G. Brown, Margaret D. Campbell-Brown, Petr Pokorný, Paul A. Wiegert, Xing Gao

It is speculated that some weakly active comets may be transitional objects between active and dormant comets. These objects are at a unique stage of the evolution of cometary nuclei, as they are still identifiable as active comets, in contrast to inactive comets that are observationally indistinguishable from low albedo asteroids. In this paper, we present a synthesis of comet and meteor observations of Jupiter-family comet 209P/LINEAR, one of the most weakly active comets recorded to-date. Images taken by the Xingming 0.35-m telescope and the Gemini Flamingo-2 camera are modelled by a Monte Carlo dust model, which yields a low dust ejection speed (1/10 of that of moderately active comets), dominance of large dust grains, and a low dust production of 0.4 kg s-1 at 19~d after the 2014 perihelion passage. We also find a reddish nucleus of 209P/LINEAR that is similar to D-type asteroids and most Trojan asteroids. Meteor observations with the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR), coupled with meteoroid stream modelling, suggest a low dust production of the parent over the past few hundred orbits, although there are hints of a some temporary increase in activity in the 18th century. Dynamical simulations indicate 209P/LINEAR may have resided in a stable near-Earth orbit for ~104~yr, which is significantly longer than typical JFCs. All these lines of evidence imply that 209P/LINEAR as an aging comet quietly exhausting its remaining near surface volatiles. We also compare 209P/LINEAR to other low activity comets, where evidence for a diversity of the origin of low activity is seen.

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Comet 209P/LINEAR
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Comet 209P/LINEAR will make a close pass (21.6 lunar distances, 0.0555 AU), travelling at 16.97 km/second, to the Earth-Moon system on the 29th May 2014 @ 07:51 UT ±00:01.

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The Lunar Distance (LD), the distance between Earth and the Moon, equals 384,401 km, (or 0.00256 AU).

Ephemeris

Date    TT    R. A. (2000) Decl.     Delta      r     Elong.  Phase   Mag
2014 05 28    10 38 01.9 +05 43 24   0.05695 1.0174    92.5    84.3
2014 05 29    10 46 11.3 -03 57 14   0.05555 1.0218    97.0    79.9
2014 05 30    10 54 44.6 -13 49 19   0.05585 1.0263   101.5    75.4
2014 05 31    11 03 43.2 -23 17 06   0.05782 1.0310   105.7    71.2
2014 06 01    11 13 08.1 -31 52 22   0.06130 1.0358   109.3    67.5
2014 06 02    11 23 00.1 -39 20 39   0.06606 1.0408   112.1    64.5
2014 06 03    11 33 19.7 -45 40 04   0.07184 1.0459   114.4    62.0
2014 06 04    11 44 06.9 -50 56 18   0.07842 1.0512   116.1    60.1
2014 06 05    11 55 21.1 -55 18 05   0.08562 1.0567   117.4    58.5
2014 06 06    12 07 01.2 -58 54 25   0.09329 1.0623   118.4    57.1
2014 06 07    12 19 05.5 -61 53 25   0.1013  1.0680   119.3    56.0
2014 06 08    12 31 31.3 -64 21 48   0.1097  1.0739   119.9    55.0
2014 06 09    12 44 15.4 -66 25 06   0.1182  1.0798   120.5    54.1
2014 06 10    12 57 13.7 -68 07 40   0.1269  1.0860   121.0    53.3
2014 06 11    13 10 21.7 -69 33 03   0.1358  1.0922   121.4    52.5
2014 06 12    13 23 34.5 -70 44 02   0.1448  1.0986   121.8    51.8
2014 06 13    13 36 46.6 -71 42 55   0.1539  1.1050   122.1    51.1
2014 06 14    13 49 52.8 -72 31 32   0.1631  1.1116   122.4    50.5
2014 06 15    14 02 48.0 -73 11 25   0.1724  1.1183   122.7    49.8
2014 06 16    14 15 27.5 -73 43 50   0.1818  1.1251   123.0    49.2
2014 06 17    14 27 47.1 -74 09 50   0.1911  1.1320   123.3    48.6
2014 06 18    14 39 43.4 -74 30 19   0.2006  1.1391   123.5    48.0
2014 06 19    14 51 13.5 -74 46 02   0.2101  1.1462   123.8    47.5
2014 06 20    15 02 15.6 -74 57 38   0.2196  1.1534   124.0    46.9
2014 06 21    15 12 48.2 -75 05 41   0.2292  1.1606   124.2    46.4
2014 06 22    15 22 50.9 -75 10 39   0.2389  1.1680   124.4    45.9
2014 06 23    15 32 23.4 -75 12 56   0.2485  1.1755   124.6    45.4
2014 06 24    15 41 26.2 -75 12 52   0.2582  1.1830   124.8    44.8
2014 06 25    15 50 00.1 -75 10 47   0.2680  1.1906   125.0    44.4
2014 06 26    15 58 05.9 -75 06 55   0.2778  1.1983   125.2    43.9
2014 06 27    16 05 45.0 -75 01 29   0.2876  1.2061   125.4    43.4
2014 06 28    16 12 58.6 -74 54 42   0.2975  1.2140   125.6    42.9
2014 06 29    16 19 48.3 -74 46 42   0.3074  1.2219   125.7    42.5
2014 06 30    16 26 15.4 -74 37 39   0.3173  1.2298   125.9    42.0

On 29 May 2014 the comet will pass 0.0554 AU (8,290,000 km; 5,150,000 mi) from Earth, but is only expected to brighten to about apparent magnitude 11.
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Camelopardalids meteor shower
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Update:
The Camelopardalids meteor shower peak is predicted for 07:40 UT, 24th May 2014 



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Camelopardalids meteor shower peak predicted for 07:00 UT, 24th May 2014 



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Blobrana


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RE: Comet 209P/LINEAR (2004 CB)
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Step outside and take a look at the skies on the evening of May 23 into the early morning of May 24. Scientists are anticipating a new meteor shower, the May Camelopardalids. No one has seen it before, but the shower could put on a show that would rival the prolific Perseid meteor shower in August. The Camelopardalids shower would be dust resulting from a periodic comet, 209P/LINEAR.
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Camelopardalids
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Stargazers in Oman may be treated with a rare meteor showers on May 23 night as Earth passes through the tail of a comet.
Speaking to Times of Oman, Mohammed Yahya Al Hijri, resident-foreign affairs, Oman Astronomical Society, said residents can see as many as 1,000 shooting stars per hour between 10pm and 5am.
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RE: Comet 209P/LINEAR (2004 CB)
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The Birth of a Meteor Shower

Because of the way the comet (first discovered in 2004) and its orbit were oriented, it (and the dusty debris surrounding it) didnt come close to Earth. But this year will different; in 2012, it passed close by to Jupiter, which changed its orbit slightly. For the first time in history, this comet will pass within just 5 million miles (8 million km) of Earth on May 29th. Along with it, its expected that a large fraction of the dusty debris in that elliptical orbit will pass near Earth as well
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Comet 209P/LINEAR
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Comet 209P/LINEAR is at Perihelion (0.969 AU) on the 6th May 2014 

Ephemeris

Date    TT    R. A. (2000) Decl.     Delta      r     Elong.  Phase   Mag
2014 05 05    08 33 23.1 +67 00 19   0.2384  0.9696    73.9    92.5
2014 05 06    08 37 29.6 +66 31 50   0.2296  0.9695    73.7    93.2
2014 05 07    08 41 40.0 +66 00 42   0.2207  0.9695    73.5    93.9
2014 05 08    08 45 54.6 +65 26 34   0.2118  0.9698    73.3    94.6
2014 05 09    08 50 13.6 +64 49 01   0.2029  0.9702    73.1    95.3
2014 05 10    08 54 37.2 +64 07 35   0.1939  0.9709    73.0    96.0
2014 05 11    08 59 05.7 +63 21 42   0.1850  0.9718    72.9    96.6
2014 05 12    09 03 39.4 +62 30 40   0.1760  0.9729    72.9    97.2
2014 05 13    09 08 18.7 +61 33 40   0.1671  0.9742    72.8    97.7
2014 05 14    09 13 04.2 +60 29 42   0.1582  0.9757    72.9    98.2
2014 05 15    09 17 56.3 +59 17 31   0.1493  0.9774    72.9    98.7


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Comet 209P/LINEAR is at Opposition (0.949 AU) on the 5th January 2014 



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Title: Will Comet 209P/LINEAR Generate the Next Meteor Storm?
Authors: Quanzhi Ye, Paul A. Wiegert

Previous studies have suggested that Comet 209P/LINEAR may produce strong meteor activity on Earth on 2014 May 24; however, exact timing and activity level is difficult to estimate due to the limited physical observations of the comet. Here we re-analyse the optical observations of 209P/LINEAR obtained during its 2009 apparition. We find that the comet is relatively depleted in dust production, with Af {rho} at 1 cm level within eight months around its perihelion. This feature suggested that this comet may be currently transitioning from typical comet to a dormant comet. Syndyne simulation shows that the optical cometary tail is dominated by larger particles with {\beta} ~ 0.003. Numerical simulations of the cometary dust trails confirm the arrival of particles on 2014 May 24 from some of the 1798-1979 trails. The nominal radiant is at RA 122 ± 1 deg, Dec 79 ± 1 deg (J2000) in the constellation of Camelopardalis. Given that the comet is found to be depleted in dust production, we concluded that a meteor storm (ZHR>=1000) may be unlikely. However, our simulation also shows that the size distribution of the arrived particles is skewed strongly to larger particles. Coupling with the result of syndyne simulation, we think that the event, if detectable, may be dominated by bright meteors. We encourage observers to monitor the expected meteor event as it will provide us with rare direct information on the dynamical history of 209P/LINEAR which is otherwise irretrievably lost.

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