Professor Reuven (Richard) Steiner, an expert in Semitic languages and teacher of Semitic literature at Yeshiva University in New York, has deciphered the most ancient Semitic texts ever discovered. The texts, which were first discovered 100 years ago, are thought to be approximately 5,000 years old.
Scientists from the US are using modern imaging techniques to digitally restore a rare 700-year-old Indian palm leaf manuscript on Hinduism. Restorers from New York's Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) are working on Sarvamoola Grantha which expounds on the essence of Hindu philosophy, the meaning of life and the role of God. This priceless collection of 36 erudite commentaries was written in Sanskrit by Sri Madvacharya (1238-1317 AD), one of India's greatest theologians. In addition to commentaries based on sacred Hindu scriptures such as the Vedas, Upanishads, Gita, Puranas, Brahma-sutras, Mahabharata and others, the collection also includes independent philosophical tracts, a commentary on daily rites, and several hymns in praise of God.
Some of the oldest and most precious scrolls unearthed from an ancient Egyptian crypt by UC Berkeley archaeologists over a century ago have been acquired by the university after decades of intrigue and delay. Scholars said Wednesday that the four large rolls of papyrus record a wealth of detail about administrative affairs in Egypt's Middle Kingdom as early as 4,000 years ago. UC Berkeley's Centre for the Tebtunis Papyri in the Bancroft Library took possession of the largely intact scrolls -- taken from atop a stone coffin in an Upper Nile tomb -- from Boston's Museum of Fine Arts. The Boston museum agreed to return all known papyri from Cal's 1901-04 dig at the Naga ed-Deir necropolis in exchange for a $10,000 payment for conservation work and the costs of shipping the scrolls to Boston from Europe in the 1930s and the 1960s.
Plans by a Geneva museum to sell two ancient manuscripts for millions of dollars have drawn consternation from scholars around the world. They fear the sale of the papyri, which date back to the 2nd century, could precipitate the break-up of a unique collection of around 50 texts held by the Bodmer Foundation. The Bodmer, based in Cologny just outside the city, says it needs to raise money to guarantee the long-term future of its museum, which opened only three years ago. But around 20 academics from Switzerland and abroad are calling for the sale of two manuscripts – gospels of St John and St Luke – to be halted. According to Paul Schubert, professor of ancient Greek at Geneva University, the collection to which the texts belong is one of the most extensive and valuable of its kind in the world.