Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (born 12 January 1907 in Zhytomyr, Russian Empire (now Ukraine); died 14 January 1966 in Moscow, USSR) was the lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer in the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the 1950s and 1960s. He is considered by many as the father of practical astronautics. Read more
Sergei Korolev spent an illustrious career unknown to both his fellow countrymen and to the outside world.
Korolev was imprisoned by Joseph Stalin on trumped-up charges For years, the man widely regarded as the "father" of the Soviet space programme answered only to the title "Chief Designer", his identity closely guarded by the state.
By contrast, Korolev's counterpart in America, Wernher von Braun, was feted in his lifetime - appearing in Disney films about spaceflight despite a murky past as designer of Adolf Hitler's terror weapon, the V-2.
Russian space enthusiasts are kicking off a year of major anniversaries on Friday with ceremonies marking the centenary of the birth of Sergei Korolyov, the founder of the Soviet space program and quite possibly the man most responsible for sparking the “space race.”
September brings the 150th anniversary of the birth of pioneering spaceflight theoretician Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. And the year's biggest celebrations center on Oct. 4, the 50th anniversary of the launch of the first artificial satellite, Sputnik — arguably the greatest achievement of Korolyov and his team.